Caffeine stimulates the brain by blocking adenosine from binding to neural receptors in the brain. Adenosine has a calming effect on the body and is responsible for the feeling of sleepiness. Since caffeine is similar in structure to adenosine, it binds to the neural receptors and does the opposite. It stimulates the receptors making the person more alert and active.
90% of the world's population consume caffeine in one form or another. 80% of US adults consume an average of 200mg of caffeine every day. Doctors recommend the daily consumption of caffeine be limited to under 300mg per day. The US FDA treats caffeine both as a drug and a food additive. It is legal and unregulated in nearly all parts of the world
Caffeine boosts power for elderly muscles
A new study to be presented at the Society for Experimental Biology meeting on 30th June has shown that caffeine boosts power in older muscles, suggesting the stimulant could aid elderly people to maintain their strength, reducing the incidence of falls and injuries.
For adults in their prime, caffeine helps muscles to produce more force. But as we age, our muscles naturally change and become weaker.
Sports scientists at Coventry University looked for the first time at whether these age-related changes in muscle would alter the effect of caffeine. They found that caffeine continued to enhance muscle performance in two different muscles from mice, although it was less effective in older muscles.
Video: How Caffeine Works
Jason Tallis, the study's primary author, said: "Despite a reduced effect in the elderly, caffeine may still provide performance-enhancing benefits."
For adults in their prime, caffeine helps muscles to produce more force. But as we age, our muscles naturally change and become weaker. So, sports scientists at Coventry University looked for the first time at whether these age-related changes in muscle would alter the effect of caffeine.
Caffeine's effect was smallest for juvenile muscles, suggesting caffeine may not have an enhancing effect in developing muscles.
The decline in muscle strength that occurs as we age contributes to injuries and reduces quality of life. The process is not well understood, but it is clear that preserving muscle tone is key.
Tallis said: "With the importance of maintaining a physically active lifestyle to preserve health and functional capacity, the performance-enhancing benefit of caffeine could prove beneficial in the aging population."
The researchers isolated muscles from mice ranging in age from juvenile to elderly, then tested their performance before and after caffeine treatment. They looked at two different skeletal muscles, which are the muscles we can control voluntarily. The first was the diaphragm, a core muscle used for respiration; the second was a leg muscle called the extensor digitorum longus (EDL), used for locomotion.
RELATED LINKS
Society for Experimental Biology
Coventry University
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